Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students.





By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica.Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Societies have also at times required marriage from within a certain group.


Many countries maintain a standard of required distance (in both All mainstream religions prohibit some marriages on the basis of the Many societies have also adopted other restrictions on whom one can marry, such as prohibitions of marrying persons with the same surname, or persons with the same sacred animal. In such an arrangement, no marriage license is required nor is a wedding ceremony necessary.

The legal union of a couple as spouses.

The basic elements of a marriage are: (1) the parties' legal ability to marry each other, (2) mutual consent of the parties, and (3) a marriage contract as required by law. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... It is not to be confused with For the social and interpersonal aspects of marriage, see Divorce between 1976-1991 was allowed only for non-Catholics. At one time, most states recognized Common-Law Marriage, which is entered into by agreement of the parties to be husband and wife. In the U.S the minimum age is 18 except for Nebraska (19) and Mississippi (21).In response to changing social and political attitudes, some jurisdictions and To avoid the use of the term "marriage", some governments provide civil unions, which are open to couples of the same sex, and in some jurisdictions also to those of opposite sexes who do not want to marry, to confer all or a portion of the benefits of married statusThese developments have created a political and religious reaction in some countries, including in The marriage laws of all modern countries restrict the relatives a person is allowed to marry, though the degree of prohibited relationship varies widely.

The laws on marriage and on property owned during marriage vary from state to state. A marriage, by definition, bestows rights and obligations on the married parties, and sometimes on These rights and obligations vary considerably among legal systems, societies, and groups within a society,In medieval Europe, marriage came under the jurisdiction of canon law, which recognized as a valid marriage one where the parties stated that they took one another as wife and husband, even in absence of any witnesses.The Marriage Act of 1753 also did not apply to Britain's overseas colonies of the time, so common-law marriages continued to be recognized in the future United States and Canada. Its importance can be seen in the elaborate and complex laws and rituals surrounding it.



This can make things a little complicated during a divorce or on the death of a spouse, especially if you've lived in different states.
Usually, consent forms the basis of such relationships that are not really marital, with authoritative property laws being inapplicable.

In the United States, there is no law or religious dictate that says the bride must take the groom's last name. In most American states, a wedding must be officiated by the Marriage relationships may also be created by the operation of the law alone, as in In some cases couples living together do not wish to be recognised as married, such as when pension or alimony rights are adversely affected, or because of taxation consideration, or because of immigration issues, and for many other reasons.






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